ICJ မြန်မာဂမ်ဘီယာအမှု ကြားနာပွဲ မြန်မာလူထုစိတ်ဝင် စား မှုအမျိုးမျိုး

VOA
ဗွီအိုအေမြန်မာပိုင်း
21 ဖေဖော်ဝါရီ၊ 2022
စုမြတ်မွန်

၂၀၁၉ ခုနှစ်က ဒေါ်အောင်ဆန်းစုကြည်နဲ့အဖွဲ့ ICJ မှာ လာရောက်လျှောက်လဲချက်ပေးစဉ်က ထောက်ခံသူများကို တွေ့ရစဉ်။ (ယခင်ပုံဟောင်း)ICJ

[[Unicode]]

ICJ မြန်မာဂမ်ဘီယာအမှု ကြားနာပွဲ မြန်မာလူထုစိတ်ဝင်စားမှုအမျိုးမျိုး

ရိုဟင်ဂျာတွေကို လူမျိုးတုံးသတ်ဖြတ်မှုအတွက် မြန်မာနိုင်ငံအပေါ် ဂမ်ဘီယာနိုင်ငံက တရားစွဲထားတဲ့အမှုကို Netherlands နိုင်ငံ The Hague မြို့က ICJ နိုင်ငံတကာ တရားရုံးမှာ အခုအသံလွှင့်နေချိန်မှာ ကြားနာစစ်ဆေး နေပါတယ်။ ဒီအမှုအတွက် NLD အစိုးရလက်ထက်က ဒေါ်အောင်ဆန်းစုကြည်က မြန်မာနိုင်ငံဘက်က ဦး ဆောင်သွားရောက် ချေပခဲ့တုန်းက မြန်မာပြည်သူအများစု သူ့ဘက်က ရပ်တည်အားပေးခဲ့ကြပါတယ်။ အခုတ ခေါက် အမှုပြန်လည်စတင်ကြားနာမှုအပေါ်မှာရော ပြည်သူတွေရဲ့စိတ်ဝင်စားမှု ဘယ်လောက်ထိရှိ နေ ပါလဲ။ ရန်ကုန်က စုစည်းပေးပို့လာသမျှကို မစုမြတ်မွန်ကတင်ပြပေးထားပါတယ်။

ICJ ႏိုင္ငံတကာတရား႐ုံးမွာ ခုခံေခ်ပဖို႔ ျမန္မာကိုယ္စား လွယ္အဖြဲ႕ထြက္ခြာ

VOA
ဗီြအိုေအ (ျမန္မာဌာန)
18 ေဖေဖာ္၀ါရီ၊ 2022 

FILE - The building of the International Court of Justice (ICJ) is seen in The Hague, Netherlands, Dec. 9, 2019

ICJ ႏိုင္ငံတကာတရာ႐ုံးမွာ ႐ိုဟင္ဂ်ာေတြအေပၚ လူမ်ိဳးတုံးသတ္ျဖတ္မႈနဲ႔ ျမန္မာႏိုင္ငံအေပၚ တရားစြဲထားတဲ့ အမႈအတြက္ ႏိုင္ငံတကာ ေရွ႕ေနအသစ္ငွားထားတယ္လို႔ စစ္ေကာင္စီေျပာခြင့္ရက ဗြီအိုေအ ကို ေျပာပါတယ္။ ေရွ႕ေနအသစ္ ဘယ္သူဘယ္ဝါျဖစ္တယ္ဆိုတာ မေျပာေပမယ့္ အရင္ေရွ႕ေနအဖြဲ႕ က ႏုတ္ထြက္သြားသူအ စား ေရွ႕ေနသစ္နဲ႔ အရင္ေရွ႕ေနအဖြဲ႕ထဲက ၂ ေယာက္တို႔ အတူခုခံေခ်ပသြားမယ္လို႔ေျပာပါတယ္။ ေဖေဖာ္ဝါရီ ၂၁ ရက္စတင္မယ့္ တရား႐ုံးၾကားနာပြဲအတြက္ စစ္ေကာင္စီရဲ႕ အျပည္ျပည္ဆိုင္ရာဆက္ဆံေရးဝန္ႀကီး ဦး ေဆာင္ တဲ့အဖြဲ႕လည္း Netherlands ႏိုင္ငံ The Hague ၿမိဳ႕ကို ထြက္ခြာသြားၿပီလို႔ေျပာပါတယ္။ ရန္ကုန္က လာ တဲ့ သတင္းအျပည့္အစုံကို မခင္ျဖဴေထြးက တင္ျပေပးထားပါတယ္။

THE I DIPLOMAT

By Sebastian Strangio

February 03, 2022

Assuming responsibility for the ICJ case is a means for the National Unity Government to assert its position as Myanmar’s legitimate government.

Myanmar’s opposition National Unity Government (NUG) says that it has accepted the jurisdiction of the International Court of Justice (ICJ) to hear claims that the country committed genocide against the Rohingya minority group, after formally withdrawing “all preliminary objections” in the case.

စစ္ေကာင္စီလက္ေအာက္ ရိုဟင္ဂ်ာဒုကၡသည္ေတြ ဌာေန ၿပန္နိုင္ေရး အလားအလာ

VOA
ဗီြအိုေအၿမန္မာပိုင္း
ေဇာ္မိုးေက်ာ္
02 ေဖေဖာ္၀ါရီ၊ 2022

Rohingya refugees walk in market area inside a refugee camp in Ukhia on April 6, 2021 during the second day of weeklong government-imposed lockdown amid an increase of COVID-19 coronavirus cases. (Photo by Miraj KATEB / AFP)

ဘဂၤလားေဒ့ရွ္ႏိုင္ငံကေန ရုိဟင္ဂ်ာဒုကၡသည္ေတြ ျမန္မာျပည္ ျပန္ႏုိင္ေရး ေဝဝါးေနဆဲျဖစ္တယ္လုိ့ ရခုိင္ရုိ ဟင္ဂ်ာသမဂၢ(ARU) ကေန၊ OIC ႏုိင္ငံတကာအစၥလမၼစ္အဖြဲ့ အပါအဝင္၊ ႏုိင္ငံတကာအစုိးရေတြနဲ့ အဖဲြ့စည္း အသီးသီးကုိ ေပးပုိ့တဲ့အစီရင္ခံစာထဲမွာ ေဖၚျပထားပါတယ္။ ဒါ့အျပင္ ျမန္မာႏုိင္ငံက ႏုိင္ငံေရးပဋိပကၡေတြမွာ ၿပိဳင္ဘက္ႏုိင္ငံေရးအင္အားစုေတြကုိ ထုိးႏွက္ဖုိ့အတြက္ ရုိဟင္ဂ်ာေတြကုိ ခုတုံးလုပ္ေရးသား ေျပာဆုိတာမ်ိဳး ေတြ ကုိလည္း ရပ္တန့္ဖုိ့ေဖၚျပထားပါတယ္။ အျပည့္အစုံကုိ ကုိေဇာ္မုိးေက်ာ္ ကတင္ျပေပးပါမယ္။

Sanctions Won't Hurt Myanmar's Brutal Leaders, Activists Say. Here's What Could

TIME
CHAD DE GUZMAN
FEBRUARY 1, 2022 

Protesters hold banners and shout slogans while marching past Myanmar military soldiers who arrived to guard the Central Bank overnight on Feb. 15, 2021 in Yangon, Myanmar. The U.S. Embassy in Myanmar told Americans in Myanmar to "shelter in place" in an announcement after military movements and reports of possible interruptions to telecoms. Armored vehicles were seen on the streets of Myanmar's capital, but protesters turned out in force despite the military presence. Hkun Lat—Getty Images

The U.S. imposed new sanctions on senior leaders of Myanmar’s military junta on Monday—the eve of the one-year anniversary of their overthrow of the country’s democratically elected government and imprisonment of its leader, Aung San Suu Kyi.

The U.S., joined by the U.K., and Canada, announced sanctions on officials who helped prosecute Aung San Suu Kyi, the head of the National League for Democracy. The Nobel Peace Prize laureate was arrested in the Feb. 1, 2021 coup. Myanmar courts have sentenced her to a total of six years in prison as of Jan. 10—but she faces additional charges.

EU Parliament Voices Support for Myanmar’s Opposition Government

THE I DIPLOMAT

By Sebastian Strangio
October 11, 2021

Despite the motion, Western support for the National Unity Government is likely to remain informal and unofficial.

The European Parliament has voted to support Myanmar’s shadow National Unity Government (NUG) and its parliamentary committee as the legitimate representatives of crisis-hit Myanmar.

In a resolution adopted late last week, the European Parliament expressed its “support for the people of Myanmar in their struggle for democracy, freedom, and human rights.” It said that it “supports the CRPH [Committee Representing Pyidaungsu Hluttaw] and the NUG as the only legitimate representatives of the democratic wishes of the people of Myanmar” and called on the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) and other foreign governments “to include and involve them in genuine and inclusive political dialogue and efforts aimed at the peaceful resolution of the crisis.”

Myanmar has been in a state of severe crisis since the coup, which immediately prompted a nationwide movement of protests and work stoppages, which have been complemented in recent months by growing armed resistance.

ျမန္မာက စစ္ရာဇဝတ္မႈေတြအတြက္ တရားေရးလမ္း ေၾကာင္း ျဖစ္လာဖို႔ရွိ

RFA
လြတ္လပ္တဲ့အာရအသံ
ေမာင္သစ္ဆင္း (ဝါရွင္တန္ ဒီစီ)
2021-09-18

ဘဂၤလားေဒ့ရွ္ နိုင္ငံကို ထြက္ေျပးေနတဲ့ ရိုဟင္ဂ်ာေတြကို ၂၀၁၇၊ ေအာက္တိုဘာ ၁၆ ရက္ေန႔က ေတြ႕ရစဥ္
Photo: MUNIR UZ ZAMAN / AFP

အမ်ိဳးသားညီညြတ္ေရးအစိုးရ (NUG) ရဲ့ အခုလတ္တေလာ ဆုံးျဖတ္ခ်က္ဟာ၊ ျမန္မာနိုင္ငံမွာ စစ္ရာဇဝတ္မႈ၊ လူသားအျဖစ္ကို ဆန႔္က်င္တဲ့ ရာဇဝတ္မႈ၊ လူမ်ိဳးတုံး သတ္ျဖတ္မႈေတြ က်ဴးလြန္ခံခဲ့ၾကရသူေတြအတြက္ တရား ေရး လမ္းေၾကာင္းတစ္ခု ျဖစ္လာဖြယ္ရွိပါတယ္။ ေဖေဖာ္ဝါရီလ စစ္တပ္ အာဏာသိမ္းအၿပီး ေရြးေကာက္ခံ လႊတ္ေတာ္ကိုယ္စားလွယ္ေတြ၊ အမတ္ေတြနဲ႔ ဖြဲ႕စည္းထားတဲ့ NUG အမ်ိဳးသားညီညြတ္ေရး အစိုးရ က ျမန္မာ နိုင္ငံမွာ ၂၀၀၂ ခုႏွစ္ကစၿပီး ေပၚေပါက္ခဲ့တဲ့ နိုင္ငံတကာ ရာဇဝတ္မႈအားလုံးကို စစ္ေဆးဖို႔ လက္ခံလိုက္တာရဲ့ မူဝါဒ အေျပာင္းအလဲအေၾကာင္း ဩဂုတ္လ ၂၀ ရက္ေန႔က ေၾကညာခဲ့ပါတယ္။

China Doesn’t Want Myanmar’s NLD Dissolved: Informed Sources

The Irrawaddy

27 August 2021

Chinese President Xi Jinping (right) and Myanmar’s detained State Counselor Daw Aung San Suu Kyi (left) at the launch ceremony for events to mark the 70th anniversary of China-Myanmar diplomatic relations in Naypyitaw in January 2020. / Myanmar State Counselor’s Office

China has voiced concern over the Myanmar military regime’s plan to dissolve the National League for Democracy (NLD), the party that won the junta-annulled 2020 general election in a landslide, several informed sources told The Irrawaddy. Chinese officials have conveyed to the regime’s leaders Beijing’s message that it wants to see the NLD continue to exist as a political party, they said.

Politicians close to the NLD and several China-Myanmar watchers said the Chinese recently told Myanmar officials that China will continue to support Myanmar and maintain border trade and infrastructure projects on one condition: that the junta keeps the NLD alive.

The Coup And The Crisis In Myanmar

OWP
The Organisation for World Peace
Evelyn Elliott
August 14, 2021

Myanmar, a nation whose young democracy began only a decade ago, is currently facing a threat it may not recover from. On February 1st of 2021, the military of Myanmar staged a coup d’état in the Southeast Asian country, overthrowing the democratic government and issuing a year-long state of emergency. Orchestrated under the idea that the nation’s November election was fraudulent, a claim that lacks any substantial evidence, the armed forces took control and arrested senior members of the elected National League for Democracy (NLD) party. The situation was exacerbated by the detention of Aung San Suu Kyi, a pro-democracy activist and Nobel Prize winner, who led the NLD. The country’s state of emergency has been extended for another two years under the direction of Min Aung Hlaing, a leading army general who declared himself to be the nation’s prime minister at the beginning of August. Now, after months of violence and oppression, Myanmar is confronted with the same military regime that it suffered under previously.

The Economic Impact of Myanmar’s Coup

BORGEN

ON JULY 17, 2021

MORRISTOWN, New Jersey — On the morning of February 1, 2021, a military coup in Myanmar ended a four-year experiment in democracy. According to the Council on Foreign Relations, Myanmar’s military history, the militia’s lasting power on Myanmar’s politics and the increasing power of the civilian leader, Aung San Suu Kyi, created the conditions for a coup. To understand the possible economic impact of Myanmar’s coup, it is crucial to understand the country’s political and economic history.

Why the West won’t recognize Myanmar’s NUG

ASIA TIME
by David Hutt
July 16, 2021

While Western governments universally reject the military coup, they're also wary of the anti-junta National Unity Government's credibility

Protesters hold posters in support of the National Unity Government (NUG) during a demonstration against the military coup on "Global Myanmar Spring Revolution Day" in Taunggyi, Shan state on May 2, 2021. Photo: AFP / Stringer

“Defending Burmese democracy is no longer a progressive, sexy cause.”

That may be at the heart of why Western governments still have not recognized Myanmar’s government-in-opposition that formed months after February’s military coup, according to David Frederic Camroux, an honorary senior research fellow at the Center for International Studies at Sciences Po in Paris.

႐ိုဟင္ဂ်ာအေရးသေဘာထားေျပာင္းလာၾကေပမယ့္ ဒုကၡ သည္ေတြကေတာ့သံသယရွိဆဲ

VOA
ဗီြအိုေအၿမန္မာပိုင္း
ကိုုေဇာ္၀င္းလႈိင္
12 ဇူလိုင္၊ 2021 

အာခေ်း ပင္လယ္ထဲေမ်ာပါေနတဲ ့ ႐ိုဟင္ဂ်ာမ်ားကို အင္ဒိုငါးဖမ္းေလွမ်ားက ကယ္ဆယ္စဥ္ (ဓာတ္ပံု - AP)

 ျမန္မာႏိုင္ငံ အေနာက္ဖက္ျခမ္းက လူနည္းစု မြတ္ဆလင္ေတြျဖစ္တဲ့ ႐ိုဟင္ဂ်ာေတြကို သူတို႔ေခၚဆိုတဲ့ ႐ိုဟင္ ဂ်ာအမည္အတိုင္း တရား၀င္သုံးႏႈန္းၿပီး သူတို႔နဲ႔ လက္တြဲ လုပ္ေဆာင္ဖို႔ အတိုက္အခံ လႊတ္ေတာ္အမတ္ေတြ ဖြဲ႔စည္းထားတဲ့ NUG အမ်ဳိးသား ညီၫြတ္ေရး အစိုးရက ဖိတ္ေခၚထားပါတယ္။ ဒါေပမယ့္ အၾကမ္းဖက္မႈေတြ ၾကံဳေတြ႕ခဲ့ရတာအျပင္ ဖိႏွိပ္ခံဘ၀အျဖစ္နဲ႔ ဆယ္စုႏွစ္ေပါင္းမ်ားစြာ ေနထိုင္ခဲ့ရတဲ့ ႐ိုဟင္ဂ်ာဒုကၡသည္ေတြကေ တာ့ NUG ဘက္က အခုလို ေျပာင္းလဲ အသိအမွတ္ျပဳလာတဲ့အေပၚ အျပည့္အ၀ မယုံၾကည္ႏိုင္ၾကေသးပါဘူး။ လက္ရွိ ႏိုင္ငံေရးအေျပာင္းအလဲေတြ အေပၚ ႐ိုဟင္ဂ်ာဒုကၡသည္ေတြရဲ႕အျမင္သေဘာထားေတြအေၾကာင္း AFP ရဲ႕ သတင္းေဆာင္းပါးကို ကိုေဇာ္၀င္းလႈိင္က တင္ျပေပးပါမယ္။

Myanmar: Roads to a Federal Army Are Twisted

modern diplomacy
M.D. Amin
July 2, 2021

The idea of a Federal Army for Myanmar is as old as the country’s struggle for democracy. The vision is a part of the larger picture of decentralization and democratization of the multiethnic nation of 54 million and was first seriously floated in 1988 as a counterweight to Tatmadaw and to rally the support of ethnic armed organizations (EAOs) during 8888 Uprising. The idea has recently received unprecedented momentum following the ousting of NLD-led civilian government on February 1, 2021. The formation of an EAO-supported People’s Defense Force (PDF) that amalgamates the Bamar youth with anti-junta ethnic rebels has sparked new optimism in this regard. Spontaneous attacks from civilian resistance fighters and other similar groups, such as Taze People’s Comrades, Kalay Civil Army and Chinland Defence Force have also contributed significantly to this growing interest.

The junta overthrew the government they represented. What happens next for Myanmar's diplomats in limbo?

CNN
Caitlin Hu, Julia Hollingsworth, Eliza Mackintosh and Helen Regan,
June 29, 2021

New York (CNN)In a beige stone townhouse on a leafy New York street, a political coup thousands of miles away has split an office in two.

Downstairs in the dimly lit building, staffers at Myanmar's Permanent Mission to the United Nations receive orders from the military junta, which overthrew the country's elected government on February 1.

Upstairs, charismatic ambassador Kyaw Moe Tun is leading what is effectively an underground diplomatic corps, part of an attempt to wrestle back control of the country. His conference room is decorated with portraits of a long line of his military-aligned predecessors, reminders of what he's up against.

With Aung San Suu Kyi facing prison, Myanmar’s opposition is leaderless, desperate and ready to fight

THE CONVERSATION
Adam Simpson,Senior Lecturer, University of South Australia
Nicholas Farrelly,Professor and Head of Social Sciences, University of Tasmania
Laura Hood,Politics Editor, Assistant Edito

June 23, 2021

Soldiers from the People’s Defence Force taking part in training at an undisclosed location in Myanmar. National Unity Government handout/EPA

As Aung San Suu Kyi finally faced court last week to defend herself against a litany of politically motivated charges, Myanmar is continuing its downward spiral into state failure.

Suu Kyi was arrested following the February 1 coup by the military and charged with alleged corruption, inciting public unrest and other offences. If she is found guilty, which is a near certainty, she may well be imprisoned for the rest of her life.

The popularity of Suu Kyi and her National League for Democracy (NLD) party have been consistently underestimated by a range of domestic and international analysts, and even by the Myanmar military itself. But her role will now change as her case takes a stop-start journey through the tightly held and persistently manipulated judicial process.

Geopolitics and the uncertain future of Rohingyas

prothomalo

Opinion
M Sakhawat Hossain
Published: 14 Jun 2021, 

Rohingya exodus from their homeland, making their way to Bangladesh Reuters

After the military coup in Myanmar, there had been talk of taking back the 1.1 million (11 lakh) or so Rohingyas who had been driven out of Rakhine (Arakan) and had taken shelter in Bangladesh. Such sentiment is no longer being heard. In fact, the military junta in Myanmar is speaking in quite the opposite tone. Their spokesperson recently said that the Rohingya issue is not on their priority list. This is because of pressure from the Rakhine nationalist leaders there.

Myanmar conflict may bring ethnic groups together

The Daily Star
Mokbul Morshed Ahmad
June 12, 2021

Photo: Reuters

With the February 2021 military coup, Myanmar once again hit global media headlines. While the military junta continues to clamp down on pro-democracy protestors and the country is wracked with conflict and unrest, how will the changing political situation affect the Rohingya community in Bangladesh and in Rakhine State in Myanmar?

More than one-third of Myanmar's population is composed of ethnic minorities, who inhabit a vast frontier where the country's natural resources are concentrated. They have staged periodic insurgencies against the military, which has ruled the country for most of the past six decades. The National League for Democracy (NLD) is the only nationally popular political force in Myanmar, but it has a recent history of turning a blind eye to the persecution of ethnic minorities, especially in Rakhine. Although the party won a landslide re-election in November 2020, more than one million members of ethnic minorities were disenfranchised during the vote. The British, who colonised what was then known as Burma, called the country "a zone of racial instability".

Why the National Unity Government’s Statement on Myanmar’s Rohingya Is Important

THE I DIPLOMAT

Angshuman Choudhury

June 09, 2021

The shadow government’s formal pledges to offer a persecuted minority justice and rights could help shape Myanmar’s future.

On June 3, Myanmar’s National Unity Government (NUG) – a shadow government formed by civilian lawmakers deposed by the military in its 1 February coup – released a historic position paper on the country’s Rohingya community. The three-page document formally lays down a set of pledges and positions that mark a clear break from the past in the relationship between the Myanmar state and the stateless Rohingya Muslim community.

Welcomed by many as a progressive declaration, it sets out with the premise that “everyone in the Union has full enjoyment of fundamental human rights” and that the NUG will “not tolerate any form of discrimination.” It asserts that “all ethnic groups who are native to the Union have full enjoyment of individual rights held by individual people and collective rights held by ethnic groups.”

The Arakan Army, Myanmar Military Coup and Politics of Arakan

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Authors: Kyaw Lynn
Programmes:Myanmar in Focus

A Myanmar Commentary by Kyaw Lynn

In the aftermath of the November general election the intense fighting between the national armed forces (Tatmadaw) and the Arakan Army came to an unexpected halt. Since the February coup of the State Administration Council, the situation has remained delicately poised. Political sentiment is very high. But Rakhine nationalism is presently on a different cycle to political movements in other parts of the country. In this commentary Kyaw Lynn outlines why the coming months will remain a time of high tension and uncertainty in Arakan politics.

Arakan Army troops in forest training / Photo credit JG

When political analysts in Myanmar and beyond discuss the role of ethnic armed organisations (EAOs) in the struggle against the military coup in February, the Arakan Army (AA) becomes one of the key political forces in shaping their dialogue and perceptions. The AA, the military wing of the United League of Army (ULA), is the only armed group that can challenge the power of the national armed forces (Tatmadaw) on Myanmar’s western frontiers. This became especially evident during the 2018-20 period when the ULA-AA demonstrated its sharp resistance against the power of the centralised Myanmar state. Behind the ULA rise, there were three key features: popular support among the Rakhine population, well-trained soldiers, and a younger leadership that read the evolving mood and political situation in the country perceptively well.

Myanmar: The mysterious deaths of the NLD party officials

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By Jonathan Head
South East Asia correspondent
07th June 2021

Khin Maung Latt (L) and Zaw Myat Lynn (R) both died earlier in MarcI MAGE COPYRIGHT COLLAGE

The violence used by Myanmar's armed forces against unarmed opponents since the coup in February has shocked the world; more than 800 people have been killed, most by military gunfire. But the deaths in custody of two officials from the National League of Democracy - the party led by Aung San Suu Kyi - have cast an even grimmer light on the military's actions.

On Saturday, 6 March, cities across Myanmar were on edge.